[fix](cloud) Ignore delete rowset schemas for shared schema resolution

[Hastyshell]

Summary

• keep delete rowset schemas rowset-local instead of writing them into the shared schema kv
• stop reusing delete rowset inline schemas as version_to_schema entries for other rowsets in get_rowset
• add a cloud unit test covering delete rowset schema persistence and normal rowset schema kv writes

Testing

• Not run locally: attempted targeted cloud UT, but the local Darwin environment is missing JDK 17 and Linux-only cloud build dependencies required to build meta_service_test

Context

• Jira: DORIS-18558

[hello-stephen]

Thank you for your contribution to Apache Doris.
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Please clearly describe your PR:

1. What problem was fixed (it's best to include specific error reporting information). How it was fixed.
2. Which behaviors were modified. What was the previous behavior, what is it now, why was it modified, and what possible impacts might there be.
3. What features were added. Why was this function added?
4. Which code was refactored and why was this part of the code refactored?
5. Which functions were optimized and what is the difference before and after the optimization?

[Hastyshell]

run buildall