diff --git a/maven-resolver-util/pom.xml b/maven-resolver-util/pom.xml
index 623474974..8b5756a58 100644
--- a/maven-resolver-util/pom.xml
+++ b/maven-resolver-util/pom.xml
@@ -58,6 +58,16 @@
       <artifactId>junit-jupiter-params</artifactId>
       <scope>test</scope>
     </dependency>
+    <dependency>
+      <groupId>org.openjdk.jmh</groupId>
+      <artifactId>jmh-core</artifactId>
+      <scope>test</scope>
+    </dependency>
+    <dependency>
+      <groupId>org.openjdk.jmh</groupId>
+      <artifactId>jmh-generator-annprocess</artifactId>
+      <scope>test</scope>
+    </dependency>
   </dependencies>
 
   <build>
@@ -66,6 +76,21 @@
         <groupId>com.github.siom79.japicmp</groupId>
         <artifactId>japicmp-maven-plugin</artifactId>
       </plugin>
+      <plugin>
+        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
+        <executions>
+          <execution>
+            <id>default-testCompile</id>
+            <configuration>
+              <proc>full</proc>
+              <annotationProcessors>
+                <annotationProcessor>org.openjdk.jmh.generators.BenchmarkProcessor</annotationProcessor>
+              </annotationProcessors>
+            </configuration>
+          </execution>
+        </executions>
+      </plugin>
     </plugins>
   </build>
 </project>
diff --git a/maven-resolver-util/src/test/java/org/eclipse/aether/util/graph/transformer/ConflictResolverJMHBenchmark.java b/maven-resolver-util/src/test/java/org/eclipse/aether/util/graph/transformer/ConflictResolverJMHBenchmark.java
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4a8dd31e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/maven-resolver-util/src/test/java/org/eclipse/aether/util/graph/transformer/ConflictResolverJMHBenchmark.java
@@ -0,0 +1,339 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.eclipse.aether.util.graph.transformer;
+
+import java.util.ArrayDeque;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+import org.eclipse.aether.RepositoryException;
+import org.eclipse.aether.RepositorySystemSession;
+import org.eclipse.aether.artifact.DefaultArtifact;
+import org.eclipse.aether.collection.DependencyGraphTransformationContext;
+import org.eclipse.aether.graph.DefaultDependencyNode;
+import org.eclipse.aether.graph.Dependency;
+import org.eclipse.aether.graph.DependencyNode;
+import org.eclipse.aether.internal.test.util.TestUtils;
+import org.eclipse.aether.internal.test.util.TestVersion;
+import org.eclipse.aether.internal.test.util.TestVersionConstraint;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.runner.Runner;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.runner.RunnerException;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.runner.options.OptionsBuilder;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertSame;
+
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
+@State(Scope.Benchmark)
+@Warmup(iterations = 1, time = 2, timeUnit = TimeUnit.SECONDS)
+@Measurement(iterations = 2, time = 2, timeUnit = TimeUnit.SECONDS)
+public class ConflictResolverJMHBenchmark {
+    private static final RepositorySystemSession session = TestUtils.newSession();
+
+    private ConflictResolver classic;
+    private ConflictResolver path;
+
+    @Setup
+    public void setup() {
+        classic = new ClassicConflictResolver(
+                new ConfigurableVersionSelector(),
+                new JavaScopeSelector(),
+                new SimpleOptionalitySelector(),
+                new JavaScopeDeriver());
+        path = new PathConflictResolver(
+                new ConfigurableVersionSelector(),
+                new JavaScopeSelector(),
+                new SimpleOptionalitySelector(),
+                new JavaScopeDeriver());
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String... args) throws RunnerException {
+        new Runner(new OptionsBuilder()
+                        .include(ConflictResolverJMHBenchmark.class.getSimpleName())
+                        .build())
+                .run();
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void uniqueSnake_20_path() throws RepositoryException {
+        uniqueSnake(path, 20);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void uniqueSnake_20_classic() throws RepositoryException {
+        uniqueSnake(classic, 20);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void uniqueSnake_40_path() throws RepositoryException {
+        uniqueSnake(path, 40);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void uniqueSnake_40_classic() throws RepositoryException {
+        uniqueSnake(classic, 40);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void uniqueSnakeWithRootCycle_20_path() throws RepositoryException {
+        uniqueSnakeWithRootCycle(path, 20);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void uniqueSnakeWithRootCycle_20_classic() throws RepositoryException {
+        uniqueSnakeWithRootCycle(classic, 20);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void uniqueSnakeWithRootCycle_40_path() throws RepositoryException {
+        uniqueSnakeWithRootCycle(path, 40);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void uniqueSnakeWithRootCycle_40_classic() throws RepositoryException {
+        uniqueSnakeWithRootCycle(classic, 40);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void symmetricBinaryTreeUnique_5_path() throws RepositoryException {
+        symmetricBinaryTree(path, 5, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void symmetricBinaryTreeUnique_5_classic() throws RepositoryException {
+        symmetricBinaryTree(classic, 5, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void symmetricBinaryTreeMod50_5_path() throws RepositoryException {
+        symmetricBinaryTree(path, 5, 50);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void symmetricBinaryTreeMod50_5_classic() throws RepositoryException {
+        symmetricBinaryTree(classic, 5, 50);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void symmetricBinaryTreeUnique_10_path() throws RepositoryException {
+        symmetricBinaryTree(path, 10, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void symmetricBinaryTreeUnique_10_classic() throws RepositoryException {
+        symmetricBinaryTree(classic, 10, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void symmetricBinaryTreeMod50_10_path() throws RepositoryException {
+        symmetricBinaryTree(path, 10, 50);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void symmetricBinaryTreeMod50_10_classic() throws RepositoryException {
+        symmetricBinaryTree(classic, 10, 50);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void diamondFan_10x5_path() throws RepositoryException {
+        diamondFan(path, 5, 10);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void diamondFan_10x5_classic() throws RepositoryException {
+        diamondFan(classic, 5, 10);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void diamondFan_20x10_path() throws RepositoryException {
+        diamondFan(path, 10, 20);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void diamondFan_20x10_classic() throws RepositoryException {
+        diamondFan(classic, 10, 20);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A "snake", plain chain of unique dependencies of given length.
+     */
+    private static void uniqueSnake(ConflictResolver conflictResolver, int length) throws RepositoryException {
+        DependencyNode root = makeDependencyNode("group-id", "root", "1.0");
+        DependencyNode last = root;
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+            DependencyNode dep = makeDependencyNode("group-id", "dep-" + i, "1.0");
+            last.setChildren(mutableList(dep));
+            last = dep;
+        }
+
+        DependencyNode transformedNode = transform(conflictResolver, root);
+
+        assertSame(root, transformedNode);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A "snake", plain chain of unique dependencies of given length, where last dep points back to root forming a
+     * cycle.
+     */
+    private static void uniqueSnakeWithRootCycle(ConflictResolver conflictResolver, int length)
+            throws RepositoryException {
+        DependencyNode root = makeDependencyNode("group-id", "root", "1.0");
+        DependencyNode last = root;
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+            DependencyNode dep = makeDependencyNode("group-id", "dep-" + i, "1.0");
+            last.setChildren(mutableList(dep));
+            last = dep;
+        }
+        last.setChildren(mutableList(root));
+
+        DependencyNode transformedNode = transform(conflictResolver, root);
+
+        assertSame(root, transformedNode);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A symmetric binary tree with given depth. Provided modulo is to create conflicts, if larger that total tree nodes,
+     * tree will be "unique" (no conflicts).
+     */
+    private static void symmetricBinaryTree(ConflictResolver conflictResolver, int depth, int modulo)
+            throws RepositoryException {
+        DependencyNode root = makeDependencyNode("group-id", "root", "1.0");
+        int level = 2;
+        int idCounter = 1;
+        ArrayDeque<DependencyNode> stack = new ArrayDeque<>();
+        stack.push(root);
+        for (int i = 0; i < depth; i++) {
+            ArrayList<DependencyNode> children = new ArrayList<>();
+            while (!stack.isEmpty()) {
+                DependencyNode node = stack.pop();
+                DependencyNode left = makeDependencyNode("group-id", "d" + idCounter++ % modulo, "1.0");
+                DependencyNode right = makeDependencyNode("group-id", "d" + idCounter++ % modulo, "1.0");
+                node.setChildren(mutableList(left, right));
+                children.add(left);
+                children.add(right);
+            }
+            stack.addAll(children);
+        }
+
+        DependencyNode transformedNode = transform(conflictResolver, root);
+
+        assertSame(root, transformedNode);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A "diamond fan": {@code width} independent chains of length {@code depth}, all converging
+     * on the same shared artifact at two different versions (simulating a real version conflict).
+     * This is the topology where CCR's O(N²) re-walk per conflict group shows up most clearly.
+     *
+     * Graph shape (width=3, depth=2):
+     *   root
+     *   ├── chain-0-0 → chain-0-1 → shared:1.0
+     *   ├── chain-1-0 → chain-1-1 → shared:2.0   (conflict: 1.0 vs 2.0)
+     *   └── chain-2-0 → chain-2-1 → shared:1.0
+     */
+    private static void diamondFan(ConflictResolver conflictResolver, int depth, int width) throws RepositoryException {
+        DependencyNode root = makeDependencyNode("group-id", "root", "1.0");
+        List<DependencyNode> chains = new ArrayList<>(width);
+
+        for (int w = 0; w < width; w++) {
+            DependencyNode chainHead = makeDependencyNode("group-id", "chain-" + w + "-0", "1.0");
+            DependencyNode last = chainHead;
+            for (int d = 1; d < depth; d++) {
+                DependencyNode dep = makeDependencyNode("group-id", "chain-" + w + "-" + d, "1.0");
+                last.setChildren(mutableList(dep));
+                last = dep;
+            }
+            // All chains converge on the same artifact at alternating versions — real conflict
+            String version = (w % 2 == 0) ? "1.0" : "2.0";
+            DependencyNode shared = makeDependencyNode("group-id", "shared", version);
+            last.setChildren(mutableList(shared));
+            chains.add(chainHead);
+        }
+
+        root.setChildren(chains);
+
+        DependencyNode result = transform(conflictResolver, root);
+        assertNotNull(result);
+        // After conflict resolution, all paths to "shared" must agree on one version
+        assertEquals(1, countDistinctVersions(result, "shared"));
+    }
+
+    private static int countDistinctVersions(DependencyNode node, String artifactId) {
+        // BFS/DFS to count distinct versions of the given artifactId in the resolved graph
+        java.util.Set<String> versions = new java.util.HashSet<>();
+        collectVersions(node, artifactId, versions);
+        return versions.size();
+    }
+
+    private static void collectVersions(DependencyNode node, String artifactId, java.util.Set<String> versions) {
+        if (node.getArtifact() != null
+                && artifactId.equals(node.getArtifact().getArtifactId())
+                && node.getData().get(ConflictResolver.NODE_DATA_WINNER) == null) {
+            versions.add(node.getArtifact().getVersion());
+        }
+        for (DependencyNode child : node.getChildren()) {
+            collectVersions(child, artifactId, versions);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static DependencyNode transform(ConflictResolver conflictResolver, DependencyNode root)
+            throws RepositoryException {
+        DependencyGraphTransformationContext context = TestUtils.newTransformationContext(session);
+        root = conflictResolver.transformGraph(root, context);
+        assertNotNull(root);
+        return root;
+    }
+
+    private static DependencyNode makeDependencyNode(String groupId, String artifactId, String version) {
+        return makeDependencyNode(groupId, artifactId, version, "compile");
+    }
+
+    private static DependencyNode makeDependencyNode(String groupId, String artifactId, String version, String scope) {
+        return makeDependencyNode(groupId, artifactId, version, null, scope);
+    }
+
+    private static DependencyNode makeDependencyNode(
+            String groupId, String artifactId, String version, String classifier, String scope) {
+        DefaultDependencyNode node = (classifier != null && !classifier.isEmpty())
+                ? new DefaultDependencyNode(new Dependency(
+                        new DefaultArtifact(groupId + ':' + artifactId + ":jar:" + classifier + ":" + version), scope))
+                : new DefaultDependencyNode(
+                        new Dependency(new DefaultArtifact(groupId + ':' + artifactId + ':' + version), scope));
+        node.setVersion(new TestVersion(version));
+        node.setVersionConstraint(new TestVersionConstraint(node.getVersion()));
+        return node;
+    }
+
+    private static List<DependencyNode> mutableList(DependencyNode... nodes) {
+        return new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(nodes));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index 173fe0e0f..b92f74eee 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -117,6 +117,7 @@
     <plexusUtils3Version>3.6.1</plexusUtils3Version>
     <plexusUtils4Version>4.0.3</plexusUtils4Version>
     <plexusXml4Version>4.1.1</plexusXml4Version>
+    <jmhVersion>1.37</jmhVersion>
     <minimalMavenBuildVersion>[3.8.8,)</minimalMavenBuildVersion>
     <!-- MRESOLVER-422: keep this in sync with Javadoc plugin configuration (but cannot directly, as this below is range) -->
     <minimalJavaBuildVersion>[21,)</minimalJavaBuildVersion>
@@ -325,6 +326,17 @@
         <artifactId>commons-compress</artifactId>
         <version>1.28.0</version>
       </dependency>
+
+      <dependency>
+        <groupId>org.openjdk.jmh</groupId>
+        <artifactId>jmh-core</artifactId>
+        <version>${jmhVersion}</version>
+      </dependency>
+      <dependency>
+        <groupId>org.openjdk.jmh</groupId>
+        <artifactId>jmh-generator-annprocess</artifactId>
+        <version>${jmhVersion}</version>
+      </dependency>
     </dependencies>
   </dependencyManagement>